Retina and Vitreous Disease

The retina is the thin layer of light-sensitive tissue that lines the back of the eye and converts light rays into impulses that travel through the optic nerve to the brain where they are interpreted as the images we see. As such, the retina is essential to vision. When it is damaged or diseased, vision loss or blindness can result.

The vitreous is the clear, gel-like substance (also called vitreous humor) that makes up most of the volume of the eyeball, thus providing its structural support. Light passes through the vitreous from the lens at the front of the eye to the retina at the back. If there are issues with the vitreous, the structure and function of the eye can be impacted and affect vision.

Retinal blood vessels emanate from the optic nerve seen at the right side of the photograph. The central retina seen in the center of the photograph is called the macula, which provides the best vision for distance and reading.

What Causes Retina and Vitreous Diseases?

A number of factors can cause retina and vitreous disease. Diseases such as diabetes and high blood pressure can lead to issues with blocked or leaking blood vessels, impacting vision and eye health. Degenerative retinal diseases that can lead to progressive vision loss or blindness are often linked to aging or genetics. Injury can also be a factor in necessitating the intervention of a retinal and vitreous specialist.

Common Retina and Vitreous Diseases and Disorders

• Diabetic Retinopathy
• Age-related Macular Degeneration
• Macular Holes
• Detached Retina and Retinal Tears
• Retinal Infection (Endophthalmitis)
• Flashes and Floaters
• Retinitis Pigmentosa

Retina and Vitreous Treatments and Surgeries

Procedures offered at the Dean McGee Eye Institute for retina and vitreous diseases include:

• Intraocular Injections
• Laser Surgery
• Cryopexy
• Vitrectomy
• Scleral Buckle
• Pneumatic Retinopexy